Glossary Of Stem Cell & Regenerative Medicine Terms

Glossary

Adult Stem Cells

Stem cells that are neither differentiated or embryonic. These stem cells (also known as multipotent, totipotent, and pluripotent stem cells) are present in a variety of tissues, including bone marrow, fat tissue, umbilical cord blood, and others. Adult stem cells are all those that are not embryonic stem cells.
Allogeneic

Refers to a treatment in which the recipient and donor are not the same person. For this reason, tissue compatibility must be carefully considered in order to prevent Graft-Versus-Host Disease.
Bone Marrow Stem Cells

Stem cells from adults obtained from bone marrow.
Autologous

Refers to the situation in which the donor and recipient are the same person, explaining why there is a match in compatibility.
Cell Therapy

Refers to regenerative medicine-based therapies used to repair damaged or destroyed tissue.
Cord Blood Stem Cell

Adult stem cells extracted from umbilical cord blood upon delivery. These UCB stem cells are moving from the liver, which produces blood throughout fetal development, to the bone marrow, which produces blood after birth. It is often used to treat childhood leukemia and other blood disorders; siblings have accounted for the majority of instances.
Embryonic Stem Cell

Stem cells extracted from a blastocyst, a fertilized egg, a few days after fertilization but before cell differentiation. Because embryonic stem cells are totipotent, they can differentiate into any kind of fetal tissue cell.
Differentiation

Process by which a stem cell develops into a specific tissue cell and acquires traits of a specialized cell line.
Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP)

GMP stands for good manufacturing practices. It ensures that processes and products adhere to the strictest requirements for quality and specifications specific to those processes or products.
Hematopoietic Stem Cells

Stem cells dedicated to producing red, white, and platelet-forming blood cells.
HLA (Human Leukocyte Antigen)

Human histocompatibility test, which identifies a person's immune system indicators. Our body uses this mechanism to discriminate between its own cells and alien tissue. The purpose of HLA testing is to determine a person's tissue compatibility. Two people are considered to have perfect compatibility when their six markers match. Perfect match is required for transplants and therapies, although there are few exceptions where 5/6 and even up to 4/6 compatibility may be deemed acceptable depending on the patient, the illness, and the source of the stem cells being utilized.
Multipotent Stem Cell

Stem cells have the capacity to divide into several cellular lineages.
Plasticity

The capacity or malleability of a stem cell to divide into distinct cell lines.
Pluripotent Stem Cell

Are stem cells with the ability to divide into almost any type of cell line.
Potentiality

The capacity to divide into distinct tissue cells. They fall into three groups: totipotent, multipotent, and unipotent cells. The amount of cell lines into which they may separate will determine this.
Mesenchymal Stem Cell (Also Acknowledged As Stromal)

A subset of bone marrow stem cells unrelated to the generation of blood cells. Mesenchymal stem cells possess the ability to differentiate and proliferate into many cell types.
Protocol

A planned, methodical sequence of steps, techniques, and adherence to specific customary guidelines for a process. Their goal is to make behavior in a certain scenario more predictable.
Progenitor stem cells (or Unipotent stem cell)

Are stem cells with the capacity to differentiate into a single cellular lineage. "Fully differentiated" cells, like lung or liver cells, are at the conclusion of a protracted cycle of cell division and are permanently dedicated to specific activities of that tissue. As a consequence, the tissue is recovered, and they serve as the body's mending mechanism. And they stick with the same creature for the duration of its existence.
Regenerative medicine

Therapy in which damaged or defective tissue is repaired by persuading stem cells to differentiate into specific cell types.
Research protocol

A research protocol is a set of guidelines that specify the goals, plan, techniques, and factors to be taken into account when carrying out and setting up scientific research. It covers the analysis and interpretation of results. It also provides the context and justifications for doing this kind of study and describes the criteria that will be used to evaluate its results.
Stem cells

Primary cells have the capacity to divide into other types of cells and to proliferate (indefinitely).
Self-renewable

It describes the ability to replicate via several rounds of cell division while keeping his condition unsegregated.
Stem Cell CD34

Hematopoietic stem cells having a certain molecular makeup that exhibit a surface differentiator (the number 34 denotes the type of marker that genuine stem cells present, and the CD stands for Cluster Differentiator).
Totipotent stem cell

Are stem cells capable of differentiating into every type of body cell and developing into a workable, fully functional creature. A fresh fertilized egg's cells would serve as a specimen.
Unipotent

These are stem cells with the potential to differentiate into a particular type of cell line.
Tissue engineering

Alludes to the process of growing new tissue using stem cells. It is possible to create skin or cartilage outside of the body and then transplant them into the patient.

Glossary

Adult Stem Cells

Allogeneic

Bone Marrow Stem Cells

Autologous

Cell Therapy

Cord Blood Stem Cell

Embryonic Stem Cell

Differentiation

Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP)

Hematopoietic Stem Cells

HLA (Human Leukocyte Antigen)

Multipotent Stem Cell

Plasticity

Pluripotent Stem Cell

Potentiality

Mesenchymal Stem Cell (Also Acknowledged As Stromal)

Protocol

Progenitor stem cells (or Unipotent stem cell)

Regenerative medicine

Research protocol

Stem cells

Self-renewable

Stem Cell CD34

Totipotent stem cell

Unipotent

Tissue engineering

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